Colonization behaviour of two enterobacterial strains on cereals

 Two diazotrophic enterobacterial strains, Pantoea agglomerans D5/23 and Klebsiella pneumoniae CC12/12, were observed in sterile and non-sterile hydroponic and soil experiments in order to determine, by means of an immunological detection method (double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), their colonization sites, their migration within individuals of different plant species, and their ability to compete with indigenous organisms. To investigate the interaction between bacteria and plants, root and shoot samples were analysed using electron microscopy. Field experiments were performed to determine the growth-promoting abilities of the bacterial strains. In field experiments, inoculation with P. agglomerans led to an increase in the grain yield of different wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars. The same strain was also able to colonize the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere of different cereals due to its ability to migrate within the plant. Roots and media were colonized 10–100 times more intensively than shoots, with about 10⁶ cells g^–1 root and 10⁴ cells g^–1 shoot. We found that P. agglomerans colonized the root and plant-growth medium of wheat to a greater extent than those of rye (Secale cereale) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), whereas the colonization of shoots was higher in rye and barley compared to wheat. Furthermore, while cell numbers of K. pneumoniae in media and roots were 10 times higher than cell numbers of P. agglomerans, only the latter markedly increased root growth. We were able to detect significant differences in colonization numbers between treatments even if the data were not normally or log-normally distributed or the variances were not homogenous. Received: 14 June 1999     

兔肺炎双球菌病的病原分离鉴定及治疗

2013年山东滨州市某兔场发生仔兔高病死率、母兔流产的疾病。为了诊断治疗该病,本试验采集病死兔肺脏进行病原的分离,通过病原分离、形态学观察、生理生化试验、溶血试验、药敏试验等试验,证实分离菌为肺炎双球菌。该菌具有α-溶血性,对青霉素、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星等药物敏感;动物回归试验成功复制出兔肺炎双球菌病,症状典型,病理剖检变化明显。根据临床症状和药敏试验结果,用青霉素等药物进行治疗,病情得到有效控制。     

奶牛多杀性巴氏杆菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌混合感染的实验室诊断

2019年9月,黑龙江省绥化市青冈县某牛场发生一起以奶牛出现体温升高、呼吸困难、不食、流涎、急性胃肠炎和急性死亡为特征的传染病,发病率为31%,病死率为51%,发病牛产奶量急剧下降,经济损失惨重,结合临床诊断和病理解剖、实验室诊断,确诊为多杀性巴氏杆菌和克雷伯氏菌混合感染。药敏试验结果显示,硫酸链霉素、硫酸庆大霉素对多杀氏巴氏杆菌和克雷伯氏菌高度敏感,可用于该病治疗。     

克雷伯氏菌1,3-丙二醇氧化还原酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆与表达

以基因组DNA为模板,利用PCR技术从克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)中扩增得到含有1,3-丙二醇氧化还原酶基因(dhaT)的DNA片段,将其定向连接到克隆质粒pGEM-3xf上,得到重组质粒pGEM-dhaT。将此重组质粒转化到受体菌Escherichia coli DH5α中,通过蓝白斑鉴定挑选出阳性菌株。DNA序列分析表明其基因全长为1185bp。将该片段插入表达载体pSE380,构建成重组子pSE-dhaT,并在E．coli JM109中获得表达,经SDS-PAGE检测,表达产物分子质量与天然纯1,3-丙二醇氧化还原酶(DHAT)相同,约为43ku。     

产气克雷伯氏杆菌 Klebsiella aerogenes S2对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性及番茄促生效果

本研究以广西红树林的根际土壤为材料, 利用选择性培养基分离筛选多功能菌株, 并利用生理生化和分子生物学相结合的方法进行鉴定?采用平板对峙法测定筛选获得的菌株对几种植物病原真菌的拮抗效果, 同时通过盆栽试验和发芽试验研究其对番茄幼苗和种子的促生效果, 从而挖掘兼具促生防病功能的植物根际促生菌(plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR)?经筛选获得一株具有溶磷及分泌生长素(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)能力的细菌菌株S2, 经鉴定该菌株属于克雷伯氏菌属Klebsiella, 其对禾谷镰孢Fusarium graminearum, 玉蜀黍平脐蠕孢Bipolaris maydis等3种植物病原真菌具有一定的拮抗效果, 菌株发酵液浓度为1×104?2×104 cfu/mL时对番茄种子和幼苗的促生效果最好?综上, 菌株S2 是一株新型且兼具促生防病效果的多功能PGPR菌株, 该结果为绿色现代农业开发土壤微生物菌肥和植物生长调节剂提供优质菌源参考?     

致奶牛乳房炎肺炎克雷伯氏菌的分离鉴定及防治建议

肺炎克雷伯氏菌为革兰氏阴性菌,是重要的条件性致病菌和医源性感染菌之一,也是引起奶牛乳房炎的重要病原菌。本研究对30份奶牛乳房炎乳样进行了病原菌的分离鉴定,并对分离菌进行药物敏感试验;结果表明,本次共分离肺炎克雷伯氏菌3株,遗传进化树关系显示分离菌株KP1、KP3与CP031810株、CP031562株、CP032185株亲缘关系较近,分离株KP2则相对较远。药物敏感试验结果显示,3株分离株均对阿莫西林、头孢他啶、头孢曲松耐药,对链霉素、庆大霉素表现敏感,分离菌株KP1和KP3对青霉素表现中度敏感,菌株KP2则表现耐药。本研究为奶牛场针对该菌的防控提供了基础数据。     

水貂源肺炎克雷伯杆菌分离、鉴定及疫苗潜能分析

水貂在夏季养殖时常出现出血性肺炎症状,病原大部分为铜绿假单胞菌。然而近10 a来采自河北、山东、辽宁等地水貂部分出血性肺炎病例中没有分离到铜绿假单胞菌,为探清病原,针对以上病料进行其他病原的分离鉴定。通过病料的细菌分离、常规鉴定,16S rRNA基因测序,动物回归试验、毒力试验、免疫原性试验及攻毒保护试验等,确定6株分离菌株有致病性,并被鉴定为肺炎克雷伯杆菌,分别命名为FY1、FY2、FY3、FY4、FY5、FY6,其中FY3为毒性最强的肺炎克雷伯氏菌（ZC1108株）。以该毒株对10月龄健康水貂进行肌肉注射,结果显示其致死率为100%（5/5）;以该菌株制备的灭活疫苗免疫水貂后攻毒保护率达100% （5/5）,试验水貂全部健活。表明肺炎克雷伯氏菌（ZC1108株）灭活疫苗免疫原性良好。     

1,3-丙二醇氧化还原酶基因的克隆与序列分析

以肺炎克雷伯氏菌的基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增得到了目的基因dhaT,并将该基因克隆到pMD19-TSimple载体。基因序列分析表明,dhaT基因全长为1158bp,与GenBank上已发表基因序列的同源性达99%,氨基酸同源性为100%。     

产ESBLs大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的检测及耐药性分析

目的:检测临床标本中产ESBLs大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,分析其耐药性,为指导临床合理地选用抗菌素提供可靠的依据。方法:用VITEK-32型全自动细菌分析系统进行细菌鉴定、药敏试验和ES-BLs测定。结果:产ESBLs大肠埃希菌为43.1%,产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌为19.4%;2种产ESBLs菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑林等7种抗生素的耐药率为100%,对头孢吡肟、环丙沙星等8种抗生素耐药率为54.5%~85.7%,而对亚胺培南敏感未出现耐药现象。结论:临床标本产ESBLs大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌检出率较高,应限制广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素特别是第三代头孢菌素的使用;亚胺培南可作为治疗产ESBLs菌严重感染的首选药物。ESBLs;大肠埃希菌;肺炎克雷伯菌;耐药性